The relevance of the study is due to the unprecedented increase in sanctions pressure on Russia after February 2022, the rapid development of digital financial technologies and the growth of cyber threats, which significantly increases the vulnerability of the national financial system. The purpose of the study is to analyze current threats to Russia's financial security, evaluate the effectiveness of existing counteraction mechanisms, and develop relevant risk mitigation strategies. The research uses methods of system analysis, comparative legal analysis, statistical analysis of data from the Bank of Russia and Rosfinmonitoring, as well as content analysis of regulations. The hypothesis of the study is that the complex combination of a tough sanctions regime and accelerated digitalization has created a qualitatively new system of financial risks that requires a revision of traditional approaches to ensuring financial security. The scientific novelty of the study is to systematize the threats of 2021-2025, identify new channels of legalization (cryptocurrencies, cross-border transfers through friendly jurisdictions, drop services) and propose an updated set of countermeasures based on the experience of 2023-2025. The results of the study include the identified dominant fraud channels (social engineering – 76.4% in 2024), an assessment of the effectiveness of banks' anti-fraud systems (the return of 91.3% of stolen funds in 2024), and proposals to improve Federal Law 115-FZ and the regulation of crypto assets. In conclusion, it is concluded that despite the increase in the absolute volume of fraud, the relative effectiveness of Russia's financial security system in 2024-2025 increased significantly due to the introduction of the "Know Your Customer" platform, a fast payment system with anti-fraud filters and interdepartmental data exchange.