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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Applied Research</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Applied Research</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Журнал прикладных исследований</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2712-7516</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2949-1878</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6ac24af4f4b8444f31636382</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34755/l1164-4960-2776-h</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ЭКОНОМИКА. ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ.</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>ECONOMICS. ECONOMIC SCIENCES.</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ЭКОНОМИКА. ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ.</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Resource Management in the Development of Assessment Materials for Aviation Personnel Language Training under Digitalisation</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Управление ресурсами разработки оценочных средств языковой подготовки авиационного персонала в условиях цифровизации</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Казакова</surname>
       <given-names>Марина Анатольевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kazakova</surname>
       <given-names>Marina Anatolyevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Лукичева</surname>
       <given-names>Наталья Евгеньевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Lukicheva</surname>
       <given-names>Natalia Evgenyevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ассовская</surname>
       <given-names>Елена Ивановна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Assovskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Elena Ivanovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет гражданской авиации</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербург</city>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg</city>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-10-16T18:47:47+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>10</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-10-16T18:47:47+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>10</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>7</issue>
   <elocation-id>104-113</elocation-id>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-10-04T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>04</day>
     <month>10</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <permissions>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2026 Казакова М.А., Лукичева Н.Е., Ассовская Е.И.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2026 Kazakova M.A., Lukicheva N.E., Assovskaya E.I.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казакова Марина Анатольевна, Лукичева Наталья Евгеньевна, Ассовская Елена Ивановна</copyright-holder>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazakova Marina Anatolyevna, Lukicheva Natalia Evgenyevna, Assovskaya Elena Ivanovna</copyright-holder>
   </permissions>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://jomeam.ru/en/nauka/publications/6ac24af4f4b8444f31636382/view">https://jomeam.ru/en/nauka/publications/6ac24af4f4b8444f31636382/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В статье предложена экономико-управленческая модель применения генеративного искусственного интеллекта при формировании банка оценочных средств по авиационному английскому языку. Актуальность обусловлена вступлением в силу документа ИКАО Doc 10197, сместившего требования к конструкту языкового теста в сторону радиообменного контекста и нештатных ситуаций, а также высокой стоимостью традиционной разработки заданий, достигающей по отраслевым оценкам 500-2000 долларов США за задание. Цель состоит в построении расчетной модели, связывающей технологию специфицированной генерации заданий с удельной себестоимостью и структурой трудозатрат организации. Предложен протокол генерации из шести блоков спецификации и шесть критериев экспертной отбраковки, приведены прототипы заданий с привязкой к дескрипторам шкалы ИКАО. Введены показатели удельной себестоимости, точки безубыточности партии и критической доли брака. Расчет показал, что технология окупается начиная с партии в 16 заданий, снижает себестоимость на 53 процента при партии в 100 заданий и становится нецелесообразной при доле брака свыше 72,4 процента. Новизна заключается в формализации связи между технологией генерации оценочных средств и структурой трудозатрат образовательной организации.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The article proposes an economic and managerial model for applying generative artificial intelligence to the development of assessment item banks in aviation English. The relevance stems from ICAO Doc 10197, which shifted test construct requirements towards radiotelephony context and non-routine situations, and from the high unit cost of conventional item development, estimated at USD 500-2000 per item. The aim is to build a computational model linking specification-driven item generation with the unit cost and labour input structure of an organisation. A generation protocol is proposed, comprising six specification blocks and a six-criterion expert rejection loop, together with item prototypes mapped to ICAO rating scale descriptors. Indicators of unit cost, batch break-even point and critical rejection rate are introduced. The calculation shows that the technology breaks even from a batch of 16 items, delivers a 53 per cent reduction in unit cost for a batch of 100 items and becomes unjustified when the rejection rate exceeds 72.4 per cent. The novelty lies in formalising the link between item generation technology and the labour input structure of an educational organisation.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>языковая подготовка авиационного персонала</kwd>
    <kwd>авиационный английский язык</kwd>
    <kwd>оценочные средства</kwd>
    <kwd>шкала ИКАО</kwd>
    <kwd>генеративный искусственный интеллект</kwd>
    <kwd>автоматизированная генерация заданий</kwd>
    <kwd>человек в контуре</kwd>
    <kwd>удельная себестоимость</kwd>
    <kwd>точка безубыточности</kwd>
    <kwd>управление образовательными ресурсами</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>aviation personnel language training</kwd>
    <kwd>aviation English</kwd>
    <kwd>assessment materials</kwd>
    <kwd>ICAO rating scale</kwd>
    <kwd>generative artificial intelligence</kwd>
    <kwd>automated item generation</kwd>
    <kwd>human in the loop</kwd>
    <kwd>unit cost</kwd>
    <kwd>break-even point</kwd>
    <kwd>educational resource management</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
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