@article{Arhipova2026shadow, author={Arhipova, N.A. and Chernicyna, R.N. and Korolev, A.A.}, title={Shadow Architecture of Gold refining: a systematic analysis of the Argor-Heraeus corporate model and provenance denaturation mechanisms}, journal={JOURNAL OF MONETARY ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT}, publisher={ITBO University}, year={2026}, pages={26-49}, volume={0}, issue={5}, }