The article is devoted to the methodological aspects of assessing the economic security of the state with an emphasis on the development of a system of indicators for the Russian Federation. The authors analyze existing approaches to grouping economic security indicators, highlighting key areas, including macroeconomic, investment, production, socio-economic, financial and foreign trade indicators. Particular attention is paid to the critical analysis of the threshold values of the indicators, emphasizing their limitations in quantitatively assessing the level of economic danger. The paper presents the author's approach to the classification of indicators, which includes six groups of indicators covering all key aspects of economic security. Each group is accompanied by a detailed description of the indicators and their functional purpose for monitoring and analyzing economic stability. The authors emphasize the need to improve the assessment methodology taking into account modern challenges, including sanctions pressure and geopolitical instability. The results of the study demonstrate that the proposed system of indicators allows for a comprehensive assessment of the state of economic security, identifying vulnerabilities and developing strategic measures to strengthen it. The article contributes to the development of theoretical and methodological foundations of economic security and can be useful for government agencies responsible for the development and implementation of economic policy.