The relevance of the study is due to the sharp aggravation of the foreign policy and economic situation in which the Russian Federation found itself in 2022-2024. The consistent expansion of sanctions pressure from Western countries, the devaluation of key foreign exchange reserves, and the restriction of access to international financial institutions and technologies have required a review of financial and legal regulation strategies. In these circumstances, ensuring economic security has become a priority task of state policy, requiring both legal and economic solutions. The purpose of the study is to analyze the role of financial and legal regulation in ensuring Russia's economic security in 2021-2024, as well as to formulate proposals for its improvement in the context of geopolitical isolation and structural transformation of the national economy. The research uses the methods of comparative legal analysis, a systematic approach, statistical analysis, deductive and inductive reasoning, as well as analysis of regulatory legal acts and official statistical data (Rosstat, CBR, Ministry of Economic Development, VEB.RF). The hypothesis of the study is that effective financial and legal regulation, combining administrative measures with market mechanisms, can not only withstand external and internal threats, but also create prerequisites for sustainable economic growth even under the conditions of sanctions pressure. The scientific novelty of the study consists in a comprehensive assessment of changes in legal and financial regulation after 2022, including an analysis of new institutions (for example, special operational currency control regimes, motto margin mechanisms, the Mir national payment system), as well as in identifying imbalances between regulatory measures and their practical implementation in the regions. The results of the study include the systematization of financial and legal measures aimed at protecting the economy, as well as the identification of key challenges: capital outflow through "gray" schemes, insufficient economic diversification, and the vulnerability of regional budgets. In conclusion, it is emphasized that long-term economic security is possible only if a synergy is created between legal regulation, technological sovereignty and support for the real sector of the economy.