JOURNAL OF MONETARY ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT JOURNAL OF MONETARY ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT JOURNAL OF MONETARY ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT 2782-4586 2949-1851 120938 10.26118/2782-4586-2026-82-93 Научные статьи SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES Научные статьи The Industrial Revolution of the 19th Century as a Source of Modern Efficiency Criteria in Retail: From Steam to Big Data Промышленная революция XIX века как источник современных критериев эффективности в ритейле: от пара к большим данным Коломиец Виталий Борисович Kolomiets Vitaliy Borisovich virtuos_88@inbox.ru

докторант экономических наук;аспирант технических наук;

doctoral candidate of economic sciences;graduate student of technical sciences;

 Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации Moscow Россия The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Moscow Russian Federation 30 07 2026 30 07 2026 7 82 93 19 04 2026 https://doi.org/10.26118/2782-4586

В статье исследуется эволюция ключевых элементов экономической эффективности (ЭЭ), сформировавшихся в период промышленной революции XIX века, и их трансформация в практике современного розничного ритейла. Цель работы – через сравнительный анализ классических концепций Ч. Бэббиджа, Ф. Тейлора, К. Маркса, А. Маршалла, Дж. Б. Кларка и модели Дюпон проследить преемственность фундаментальных категорий (производительность труда и капитала, эффект масштаба, скорость оборота, разделение труда, технологический прогресс, организация управления) и показать их адаптацию к условиям цифровой экономики. Методология исследования базируется на междисциплинарном подходе, объединяющем историко-экономический, институциональный анализ и кейс-стади. В работе показано, как классические идеи находят воплощение в современных федеральных торговых сетях (ФТС): в автоматизации, аналитике больших данных, платформенных экосистемах, кластерном управлении ассортиментом и решении проблемы потерь в категории FRESH. Выявлен парадокс современной эффективности: классические законы «убывающей отдачи физических активов» сосуществуют с возрастающей отдачей от нематериальных активов, что требует от ритейлеров балансирования между физическими и цифровыми ресурсами. Основной вывод статьи заключается в необходимости для ФТС творческого переосмысления классического наследия, что предполагает внедрение динамической кластеризации торговых точек, использование факторных моделей для декомпозиции рентабельности и адаптацию принципов научного менеджмента к управлению персоналом и запасами.

The article examines the evolution of key elements of economic efficiency formed during the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century and their transformation in modern retail practice. The aim of the paper is to trace the continuity of fundamental categories (labor and capital productivity, economies of scale, turnover speed, division of labor, technological progress, organization of management) through a comparative analysis of the classical concepts of C. Babbage, F. Taylor, K. Marx, A. Marshall, J. B. Clark, and the DuPont model, and to demonstrate their adaptation to the digital economy. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining historical-economic, institutional analysis and case studies. The paper shows how classical ideas are embodied in modern federal retail chains – in automation, big data analytics, platform ecosystems, cluster-based assortment management, and solving the problem of losses in the FRESH category. A paradox of modern efficiency is revealed: classical laws (diminishing returns of physical assets) coexist with increasing returns from intangible assets (data, algorithms), requiring retailers to balance physical and digital resources. The main conclusion is that federal retail chains need to creatively reinterpret the classical legacy, which implies implementing dynamic clustering of retail outlets, using factor models to decompose profitability, and adapting the principles of scientific management to personnel and inventory management.

 экономическая эффективность промышленная революция производительность труда производительность капитала эффект масштаба факторный анализ модель Дюпон федеральные торговые сети цифровая рента кластерный подход управление ассортиментом большие данные economic efficiency Industrial Revolution labor productivity capital productivity economies of scale factor analysis DuPont model federal retail chains digital rent cluster approach assortment management big data

 

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