The article is devoted to the topical issue of the development of health and wellness tourism in Russia, which is of particular importance in modern conditions due to unique natural resources, centuries-old traditions, and high demand for domestic tourism. The study analyzes the key organizational and economic problems of the industry, such as infrastructure deterioration, poor transport accessibility, low level of digitalization, staff shortages, and a lack of innovation. The analysis of the results demonstrates that the implementation of the proposed initiatives can significantly enhance the competitiveness of domestic health resort institutions, strengthen their positions in the domestic and international markets, and contribute to the country's economic development.