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The article explores theoretical foundations of applying financial methods and instruments for risk management in forestry. The study examines conceptual approaches to risk management, specifics of forestry risks including forest cultivation time horizons, natural-climatic and biological factors. Financial risks of the industry are analyzed: price, inflation, currency and interest rate risks, as well as their assessment methods using probabilistic models, stochastic modeling and Monte Carlo method. Traditional and innovative risk management instruments are investigated, including insurance, diversification, derivatives, catastrophic bonds and carbon credits. The integration of ecological and financial risks is considered through ecosystem services and climate change perspectives. Decision-making models under uncertainty based on portfolio theory and option models are presented. The necessity of creating organizational risk management structures and improving regulatory environment for effective risk management in forestry activities is substantiated.
risk management, forestry, financial risks, stochastic modeling, ecosystem services, climate risks, option models, carbon credits
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