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This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the critical demographic situation in the Republic of South Ossetia. The study examines key issues in detail: persistent natural population decline, intense migration outflow (primarily of the working-age population to the Russian Federation), a progressively aging age structure, and a low birth rate that does not allow for simple replacement. Based on data from the South Ossetian State Statistics Service (official population, birth, and death rates), as well as materials from the Republic's official website and research publications (such as works in the publications Izvestia SOIGSI or Kavkazologiya), the authors identify the systemic causes of the crisis. These include the severe socioeconomic consequences of the armed conflicts of the 1990s and 2008, a limited labor market and low incomes, and problems in the housing sector. To verify the statistical data, the authors conducted their own sociological survey, which reflected citizens' migration sentiments and reproductive attitudes. A synthesis of all the information clearly points to the need for the urgent development and consistent implementation of a clear, financially supported demographic policy. Such a policy should aim to stimulate the birth rate, create conditions for the return of compatriots and the retention of young people, as well as generally improve the quality of life as a key factor in demographic stability.
demography, birth rate, death rate, population size, migration
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