Russian Federation
employee
Russian Federation
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the system of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as a key factor in sustainable socio-economic development in the modern economy. In the context of an unstable external environment, post-pandemic recovery, geopolitical restrictions, and business digitalization, the importance of governmental support measures is significantly increasing. SMEs play a vital role in generating gross domestic product, creating jobs, promoting competition, and driving technological innovation. However, they face systemic challenges such as limited access to finance, high regulatory burden, lack of transparency, and weak infrastructure. In this regard, state support becomes a crucial condition for the survival and growth of the SME sector. The aim of this article is to provide both a theoretical and practical overview of the current mechanisms of state support for SMEs, as well as to identify key problems that limit their effectiveness. The types of support are classified by direction: financial, tax-related, infrastructural, and informational-educational. The paper systematizes core instruments, including subsidies, preferential lending, tax relief, support for innovation, and assistance for export-oriented enterprises. Special attention is given to digital initiatives implemented within federal and regional programs such as “My Business”, as well as the application of ERP systems and online services. The article highlights the main barriers preventing SMEs from fully accessing support measures: bureaucratic complexity, program fragmentation, low awareness among entrepreneurs, and legal regulatory gaps. The author substantiates the need for a comprehensive approach to SME support, combining not only financial and credit measures but also institutional, legal, human resource, and technological tools.
small business, medium-sized enterprise, government support, subsidies, tax benefits
1. Abdullaev S. I., Sadovnikova N. A. «Gosudarstvennaya podderzhka malogo i srednego predprinimatel'stva v Rossii: problemy i perspektivy» // Ekonomika i predprinimatel'stvo. – 2023. – № 1(142). – S. 53–57. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/gosudarstvennaya-podderzhka-msp-v-rossii
2. Bobkova A. G., Guseva A. N. «Ocenka effektivnosti mer gosudarstvennoy podderzhki MSP v Rossii» // Finansy i kredit. – 2022. – № 10. – S. 112–121. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/effektivnost-mer-podderzhki-msp
3. Agapova T. N. «Analiz mehanizmov gosudarstvennoy podderzhki predprinimatel'stva v RF» // Vestnik universiteta. – 2022. – № 4. – S. 89–93. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/analiz-mehanizmov-podderzhki
4. Minekonomrazvitiya RF. «Nacional'nyy proekt "Maloe i srednee predprinimatel'stvo"». – 2024. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/direction/malyi_biznes/
5. Cherkashina S. A. «Cifrovizaciya mer podderzhki sub'ektov MSP: vozmozhnosti i bar'ery» // Ekonomika i predprinimatel'stvo. – 2023. – № 2. – S. 123–128. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/tsifrovye-platformy-v-podderzhke-msp
6. Baranova N. I., Evdokimova T. V. «Infrastruktura podderzhki predprinimatel'stva v regionah Rossii» // Rossiyskoe predprinimatel'stvo. – 2022. – № 5. – S. 77–81. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/infrastrukturnaya-podderzhka
7. Karpov A. V. «Mery nalogovogo stimulirovaniya malogo biznesa» // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie. – 2022. – № 6. – S. 44–49. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/nalogovoe-stimulirovanie-msp
8. Anan'ev A. V. «Problemy dostupnosti podderzhki dlya MSP: administrativnye bar'ery» // Vestnik ekonomiki i prava. – 2023. – № 3. – S. 91–95. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/barery-v-poluchenii-podderzhki
9. Central'nyy bank RF. «Obzor finansovoy stabil'nosti». – 2023. – № 2. Rezhim dostupa: https://cbr.ru/analytics/finstab/
10. Tihomirova E. A. «Analiz zarubezhnogo opyta podderzhki MSP» // Mezhdunarodnaya ekonomika. – 2022. – № 4. – S. 59–66. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/zarubezhnyy-opyt-podderzhki
11. Lomakin V. K., Rybkina M. I. «Programmnye instrumenty razvitiya malogo predprinimatel'stva v Rossii» // Biznes v zakone. – 2023. – № 1. – S. 34–39. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/programmy-podderzhki-msp
12. Zotova I. Yu. «Rol' centrov "Moy biznes" v razvitii predprinimatel'skoy aktivnosti» // Predprinimatel'stvo i innovacii. – 2022. – № 6. – S. 25–30. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/moy-biznes
13. Federal'naya nalogovaya sluzhba RF. «Special'nye nalogovye rezhimy dlya MSP». – 2024. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.nalog.gov.ru/rn77/business-taxation/special/
14. Novikova N. A. «Ocenka vliyaniya podderzhki na rost zanyatosti v MSP» // Trud i social'nye otnosheniya. – 2023. – № 2. – S. 71–76. Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vliyanie-podderzhki-na-zanyatost
15. RBK Issledovaniya. «Malyy biznes v Rossii 2024: trendy i bar'ery rosta». – 2024. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.rbc.ru/research/
