The digital transformation of the economy is fundamentally changing the sources of productivity growth, shifting the emphasis from traditional factors—labor and capital—to data, algorithms, and trust. This article analyzes the combined impact of three key technologies—artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data—on labor and capital productivity in the Russian economy. The author emphasizes that it is their synergistic interaction, rather than their isolated application, that creates the conditions for a qualitative leap in business process efficiency, reduced transaction costs, and increased resilience in value chains. Based on macroeconomic modeling and case studies of Russian companies (in the oil and gas, financial, agribusiness, and logistics sectors), it is shown that significant growth in multifactor productivity is only observed with the comprehensive integration of all three technologies and the presence of complementary assets—qualified personnel, flexible organizational structures, and a supportive regulatory environment. An expanded model for assessing the contribution of digital technologies to productivity is proposed, taking into account both direct and systemic effects. The results of the study can be used to develop digital transformation strategies for enterprises, shape public policy on technological sovereignty, and improve support programs within the Digital Economy national project.
artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data, digital transformation, labor productivity, multifactor productivity
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