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The article presents a comprehensive economic analysis of the problem of temperature instability of critical aircraft sensors (pressure, temperature, velocity), transforming engineering errors into measurable financial risks: increased operating costs (OPEX) for frequent maintenance and calibration, losses from false failures and downtime of aircraft, as well as potentially catastrophic losses. The aim of the research is to develop an economic and mathematical model to justify investments in modern temperature compensation systems (passive, active, algorithmic). The methodology includes comparative total cost of ownership (TCO) analysis, FMEA risk assessment in monetary terms, and scenario modeling of cash flows over the lifecycle horizon (LCC). The result is a practical decision—making tool - a financial model that demonstrates key performance indicators (NPV, IRR) using the example of an aircraft fleet and proves that investments in intelligent sensors and algorithmic compensation, despite high initial costs (CAPEX), are a strategic contribution to long-term reduction of total costs and reputational risk management. It is concluded that it is necessary to integrate the LCC and TCO criteria into the procurement procedures for the transition from routine maintenance to a predictive model.
economics of air transportation, operating costs (OPEX), risk management, cost of life cycle (LCC), investments in safety, cost-effectiveness of technologies, aviation sensors, fault tolerance, economic and mathematical model, FMEA, digitalization
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