employee
employee
The article examines the role of the free economic zone established in the territories of the Donetsk People's Republic, Luhansk People's Republic, Zaporizhia and Kherson regions in ensuring their foreign economic security. The relevance of the work is determined by the need to integrate new regions into the economic space of the Russian Federation in the face of unprecedented sanctions pressure, the rupture of established economic ties and the post-conflict restoration of infrastructure. The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the institutional and economic mechanisms of the influence of the preferential regime of the free economic zone on the resilience of the regional economy to external threats, as well as to evaluate the first results of the zone's functioning. The methodological base includes an institutional, comparative and systematic analysis of regulatory legal acts, statistical data on the activities of residents (400 participating companies, 78% of which are small and medium-sized businesses) and specific investment projects with a declared investment volume of over 55 billion rubles. It has been established that the free economic zone is already contributing to the creation of more than 11,000 jobs, an increase in budget revenues of the Donetsk People's Republic by 28.4% and an increase in tax revenues from small and medium-sized businesses by more than 40%. The author's interpretation: despite the positive developments, significant risks remain – a shortage of personnel (the planned demand exceeds 54 thousand people, the deficit may reach 30-40%), sanctions pressure (the 19th package of sanctions of the European Union) and the danger of consolidating raw materials specialization. In conclusion, it is argued that in order to strengthen the foreign economic security of new regions, it is necessary to stabilize the regulatory regime, introduce a system of monitoring indicators (the structure of exports and imports, the share of import-substituting products, the diversification of foreign trade partners) and improve the institutional environment, including expanding the mechanisms of the "single window" and interdepartmental coordination.
free economic zone, foreign economic security, new regions, Donetsk People's Republic, Lugansk People's Republic, Zaporizhia region, Kherson region, investments, sanctions risks, integration
1. Kostyunina G.M. Svobodnye ekonomicheskie zony v mirovoy ekonomike. – Moskva : Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy institut mezhdunarodnyh otnosheniy (universitet) MID RF, 2022. – 397 s. – ISBN 978-5-9228-2581-8. – EDN FWLAFU. – URL: https://open.mgimo.ru/handle/123456789/365 (data obrascheniya: 05.03.2026).
2. Kuznecova O.V. Ekonomicheskoe razvitie regionov: teoreticheskie i prakticheskie aspekty gosudarstvennogo regulirovaniya. – 6-e izd. – Moskva : LENAND, 2015. – 304 s. – URL: http://lib.vscc.ac.ru/activity/view?id=1633 (data obrascheniya: 12.03.2026). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UYREFP
3. Zhukov A. O., Bondareva M. K., V. S. Gedzyun V. S. V. K. Spil'nichenko V. K i dr. // Proizvodstvo i eksport tehnologiy dvoynogo naznacheniya vysokotehnologichnymi oboronnymi predpriyatiyami s primeneniem elementov iskusstvennogo intellekta /– Moskva, 2024.
4. Gubernatorov A.M., Teslenko I.B., Sokolov A.P., Spil'nichenko V.K. Osnovnye tendencii razvitiya cifrovizacii v finansovoy sfere // Industrial'naya ekonomika №5-6. 2021. S.555-561. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47576/2712-7559_2021_5_6_555; EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QFHJPC
5. Starovoytov V.G., Krupnov Yu.A. Osobye ekonomicheskie zony kak mehanizm territorial'nogo razvitiya i obespecheniya nacional'noy bezopasnosti v usloviyah sankcionnyh ogranicheniy // Nacional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. – 2024. – № 6. – S. 65–83. – URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobye-ekonomicheskie-zony-kak-mehanizm-territorialnogo-razvitiya-i-obespecheniya-natsionalnoy-bezopasnosti-v-usloviyah (data obrascheniya: 18.03.2026). DOI: https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2024.6.68819; EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZXROXX
6. Zemcov S.P. Sankcionnye riski i regional'noe razvitie (na primere Rossii) // Baltiyskiy region. – 2024. – T. 16, № 1. – S. 23–45. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2024-1-2. – URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sanktsionnye-riski-i-regionalnoe-razvitie-na-primere-rossii (data obrascheniya: 22.03.2026). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZJSZOM
7. Zoidov K.H., Urunov A.A., Amindzhanova M.M. Institucional'nye aspekty obespecheniya bezopasnosti social'no-ekonomicheskih sistem // Regional'nye problemy preobrazovaniya ekonomiki. – 2024. – № 3 (161). – S. 42–53. – URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/institutsionalnye-aspekty-obespecheniya-bezopasnosti-sotsialno-ekonomicheskih-sistem (data obrascheniya: 09.03.2026).
8. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost' regionov Zapadnogo porubezh'ya Rossii / G. M. Fedorov, A. P. Katrovskiy, S. S. Lachininskiy [i dr.]. – Kaliningrad: Baltiyskiy federal'nyy universitet imeni Immanuila Kanta, 2021. – 232 s. – ISBN 978-5-9971-0630-0. – EDN FMBXGM. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=45629021 (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2026).
9. Bekbergeneva D.E., Semenov A.P. Riski pri formirovanii osobyh ekonomicheskih zon v Rossii // Regional'naya ekonomika: teoriya i praktika. – 2024. – T. 22, № 10(529). – S. 1844-1854. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24891/re.22.10.1844. – EDN MABGEB. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=73159998 (data obrascheniya: 25.03.2026).
10. Belousova S.N., Trubin A.G. Ocenka vliyaniya osobyh ekonomicheskih zon promyshlenno-proizvodstvennogo tipa na social'no-ekonomicheskoe razvitie regionov // Nacional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. – 2023. – № 4. – S. 61-72. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2023.4.43889. – EDN SYTXNF. – URL: https://nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43889 (data obrascheniya: 02.03.2026).
11. Korneyko O.V., Lyu In. Sravnitel'nyy analiz svobodnyh ekonomicheskih zon v SShA, Kitae i Rossii v XXI veke // RJOAS. – 2017. – № 9. – S. 5-16. – URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sravnitelnyy-analiz-svobodnyh-ekonomicheskih-zon-v-ssha-kitae-i-rossii-v-xxi-veke (data obrascheniya: 28.03.2026). DOI: https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2017-09.01; EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YRYIOJ
12. Lachininskiy S.S. Geoekonomicheskie riski regionov Rossiyskoy Baltiki v usloviyah obostryayuscheysya geopoliticheskoy obstanovki // Baltiyskiy region. – 2022. – T. 14, № 2. – S. 23–37. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2022-2-2. – URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/geoekonomicheskie-riski-regionov-rossiyskoy-baltiki-v-usloviyah-obostryayuscheysya-geopoliticheskoy-obstanovki (data obrascheniya: 14.03.2026). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YEWMFP
13. Kuznecova O.V. Osobye ekonomicheskie zony: effektivny ili net? // Prostranstvennaya ekonomika. – 2016. – № 4-5. – S. 129-152. – URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobye-ekonomicheskie-zony-effektivny-ili-net (data obrascheniya: 20.03.2026). DOI: https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2016.4.129-152; EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XEDUEZ
14. Starovoytov V.G., Krupnov Yu.A., Lapenkova N.V. Investicionnaya deyatel'nost' v rossiyskih regionah v usloviyah sankcionnyh ogranicheniy // Voprosy bezopasnosti. – 2023. – № 4. – S. 1–14. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2023.4.44135. – EDN ZTKYIL. – URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/investitsionnaya-deyatelnost-v-rossiyskih-regionah-v-usloviyah-sanktsionnyh-ogranicheniy (data obrascheniya: 27.03.2026).
15. Ioda Yu.V., Plyusnina O.V., Trufanova S.A., Shaposhnikova I.V. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost' regionov Rossii v usloviyah sankcionnogo davleniya // Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Politicheskie, sociologicheskie i ekonomicheskie nauki. – 2026. – T. 11, № 1(39). – S. 105-120. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2026-11-1-105-120. – EDN UQBDBI. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=UQBDBI (data obrascheniya: 10.03.2026).
16. Polterovich V.M. Institucional'nye lovushki i ekonomicheskie reformy // Ekonomika i matematicheskie metody. – 1999. – T. 35, № 2. – S. 3-20. – EDN QOLEBJ. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=21855084 (data obrascheniya: 31.03.2026).
17. Medzhidov Z.U. Model' i mehanizm razvitiya integracionnyh processov i ukrepleniya kooperacionnyh svyazey mezhdu RD i novymi regionami RF v usloviyah sovremennyh vyzovov // Regional'nye problemy preobrazovaniya ekonomiki. – 2024. – № 8. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.26726/rppe2024v8mamf. – URL: http://rppe.ru/new/index.php/rppe/article/view/2551 (data obrascheniya: 17.03.2026). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QDBXPC
18. Ibragimhalilova T.V., Gladkova L.A. Svobodnaya ekonomicheskaya zona kak drayver razvitiya vossoedinennyh regionov (DNR, LNR, Hersonskaya i Zaporozhskaya oblasti) // Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo. – 2025. – № 3(72). – S. 46–53. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.25683/VOLBI.2025.72.1401. – URL: https://vestnik.volbi.ru/webarchive/372/yekonomicheskie-nauki/svobodnaja-yekonomicheskaja-zona-kak-dra.html (data obrascheniya: 24.03.2026). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/FDKMLP
